Author: Simon Kipersztok, M.D., University of Florida

Summary

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that is more common in postmenopausal women and in women who become hypoestrogenic prior to the menopause. The disease is the result of a loss in the balance that normally exists between bone resorption and deposition. Such loss results in microarchitectural defects which in turn cause low bone mass that can ultimately increase the risk of fracture. BMD measurement is the best predictor currently available to assess the risk of fracture. Dexa is considered to be the state-of-the-art technology for measuring BMD, but any other available technology for assessment of BMD can predict the risk of fractrures.

There are three main types of therapy available for osteoporosis: HRT, bisphosphonates and calcitonin. HRT imparts to its users some health benefits beyond those related to osteoporosis yet not all women can, or are willing to, use it. Bisphosphonates and calcitonin are compounds that are useful for the treatment of osteoporosis. Calcium, vitamin D and weight bearing exercise help promote bone mineral competency but alone cannot prevent osteoporosis.

Case Studies

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Post-test (may be submitted for CME credit)